Effects of, and Uses for Paracetamol

Effects of, and Uses for Paracetamol Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a widely used medicinal drug available over the counter The chemical name for Paracetamol is N-acetyl-p-aminophenol. Over-the-counter (OTC) Analgesic and antipyretic action with weak anti-inflammatory action Synergic effect with other analgesics, especially codeine and NSAIDs, resulting in better overall pain control Major ingredient in cold flu remedies Used in combination with opioid analgesics Oral Paracetamol has an oral bioavilabity of 63-89%. A drug given orally goes through first pass metabolism. Intravenous Intravenous administration of paracetamol has a bioavilabity of 100% Rectal Paracetamol has a rectal bioavilabity of 24-98%. Bioavailability is the amount of dose absorbed from the site of administration Oral administration has a little first pass metabolism in the liver and is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract First pass metabolism involves the drug being absorbed into the portal vein system via the intestine wall after which it is carried to the liver. Before the drug reaches its target site it may therefore to some extent be metabolised in the liver. A plasma concentration of 10-20mcg.ml-1 for paracetamol results in an antipyretic effect however the concentration needed to lead to an analgesia effect is not properly known. All three routes of administration have a significant difference in the time needed to reach peak plasma concentrations. Of all three routes intravenous administration reaches peak plasma concentration in the shortest amount of time and suppository takes the longest, Oral : For adults 325-650mg tablets can be taken every 4 to 6 hours 1 gram can be taken every 4 hours with a maximum of 4 doses in 24 hours. Rectal: suppositories are available in 250 and 500mg. Two 500mg suppositories can be taken by adults and children over 12 IV: The maximum dose that can be given is 3g in 24 hours For children there new dosage guidelines that put children into 7 precise age groups Since IV administration has 100% bioavilabity there is a high chance of toxicity in patients that have renal and/or hepatic problems Absorbed through the wall of the intestine and into the blood. Speed and efficiency of the absorption is determined by several factors which include the pKa, log P and molecular mass of the drug Low molecular mass and is almost completely unionised in the small intestine which allows it to be absorbed more easily Oral Bioavailability – 70%-90% Rectal Bioavailability – 30%-70% Distributed throughout the body fluids in a homogeneous way Analgesic activity is attributable to the small fraction that penetrates into the brain Binds to plasma proteins at less than 20% A high degree of protein binding makes the drug long acting The glucuronidation and sulfation pathway for paracetamol metabolism lead to the production of unharmful and on toxic products. The middle N-Hydroxylation and rearrangement pathway mediated by the isoenzyme of cytochrome p450 (CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) pathway leads to the production of toxic metabolite NAPQ1 which covalently binds to cell macromolecules in overdose. In normal cases NAPQ1 binds with glutathione resulting in an unrhamful and nontoxic product. Part A of the figure shows the metabolism of paracetamol in a healthy individual. Around 95% of the drug is conjugated with glucuronide and excreted in the urine. The leftover is conjugated with glutathione Part B shows the metabolism of paracetamol in an individual that is starved. The conjugation of glutathione does not take place adequately and its depletion results in the build of hepatotoxic NAPQ1 Excreted in urine Predominantly in the form of inactive glucuronide and sulphate conjugates A small amount of the drug is converted to a very reactive alkylating metabolite that is inactivated with reduced glutathione and is excreted in the urine as cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates Paracetamol is absorbed from the GI tract and a peak plasma concentration occurs within 10-60 minutes after being taken orally. It has a half-life of approximately 2 hours It is distributed into the majority of body tissues Has an elimination half life ranging from 1-3 hours The volume of distribution for paracetamol is around 1L/Kg of body weight with an insignificant amount of the drug binding to plasma protein. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) – specifically COX-2 Reduces the oxidised form of the COX enzyme, preventing it from forming pro-inflammatory chemicals Peripheral anti-inflammatory activity is usually limited by high level of peroxides present in inflammatory lesions (including several other factors) Metabolites of paracetamol act upon the spinal cord via TRPA1-receptors modulates the endogenous cannabinoid system Paracetamol works inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins Because of its selectivity for COX-2 it does not significantly inhibit the production of the pro-clotting thromboxanes. Metabolies: suppressing the signal transduction from the superficial layers of the dorsal horn to alleviate pain. The nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) can be activated by paracetamol. This induces the expression of three cytochrome P450 enzymes that lead to the transformation of paracetamol into N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) is a reactive and toxic metabolite. It can be detoxified by conjugation with glutathione Paracetamol is a safe drug and doesn’t cause toxicity unless taken in the wrong dosage or in extreme circumstances such as starvation. Also when taken with alcol for long periods of times it enhances toxicity as the coentration of toxic metabolites such as NAPQ1 increases. NAPQ1 firstly goes through detoxification in the liver via glutathione conjugation catalysed by the enzyme GST and then goes through acetylation in the kidneys. This step is catalysed b M-acetyl transferase. It then gets excreted in the urine. The cytochrome p450 enzyme (isoenzyme CYP2E1) procures hepatoxic metabolites in small quantities. The phase 1 metabolism of paracetamol mediated by p450 gives rise to NAPQ1, that is detoxified by phase 2 conjugation with glutathione. During overdose depletion of glutathione occurs and NAPQ1 accumulates Phase 1 metabolism is where the drug molecule foes though basic structural alteration through reduction, hydrolysis, or oxidation (which is catalysed cytochrome p450 enzymes) Phase 2 metabolism involves conjugation (an ionised group attaches to the drug) making it metabolite water soluble. In the case of paracetamol overdose NAPQ1 can accumulate and can possibly lead to liver damage if left untreated It can also damage other organs that contains P450 enzymes such as the kidneys where the toxicity could result in renal dysfunction and pancreas. Liver toxicity can be prevented by blocking the activation of CAR with an antagonist or Paracetamol overdose occurs at around 7-8 g  in an adult and more than 150 mg/kg in children. Liver damage : The centrilobular zone is the first zone in the liver that gets affected by the toxicity. In extreme cases zones 1 and 2 present in the parenchyma get damaged. Kidney damage: renal dysfunction leads to the need of dialysis as a tubular necrosis table place because of the localised formation of NAPQ1.

How Cleanliness Can Influence Life of Kazi Zawad Badruddoza

Whereas the cleanliness is relate well to the aspects in our life. There is some reason why cleanliness is important to our life. Cleanliness influences our health, controlling our mood and then keeps the relationship with our friends. The clothes and the pants which we wear must be clean so that no more germs that can affect allergy like irritation. The food and the drink which we consume must be clean from microbes to prevent risk of illness like stomach ache, diarrhoea and many more.Then, the objects around us it should be clean from dust so we not experience the respiration illness. With kept our cleanliness so that our life must be healthy. Another reason we must watch cleanliness because the cleanliness can controlling our mood. Cleanliness makes us feel fresh and comfortable. A clean room makes us feel freshness because all of the objects are clean and free of dust so that the air is fresh. Its floor is clean so there are no bacteria or microbes and we can do the activities wi thout worried about hygiene problem.Cleanliness can be regarded as personal or environmental. These habits ensure that a person would stay fit and healthy for a long time so you will not be force to use those anti aging treatments or some sort of surgery. These habits help us in developing an ideal and healthy life style which makes our lives even more delightful and joyous. Lesser effort would result in more success if a person has healthy mind and a healthy mind can only exist in a healthyCleanliness is one of the good qualities. It is a part of our civilization. A man of dirty habits is far from civilization. So, with the progress of civilization man cleans himself more and more. He cleans his body. He cleans his mind and heart. He cleans all his action and manners. He cleans his soul. This will lead him to the highest form of civilization. But on the cleanliness of body, depend all other cleanings. Hence, cleanliness is considered so important.

The Business Structure Of Commercial Television - 901 Words

Desperate Advertisers Call for Desperate Measures Check out the boobs over here, the television beckons from the other side of the room. With all the choices available on television today, television distributors are desperate to gain the attention of audiences. In order to get advertising revenue televisions shows tap into some of our basic desires to gain our attention and loyalty. Depending on the viewer, these tactics could be having a negative impact on the viewer beyond the original intent of the content. The business structure of commercial television in America leads to the use of sexual content to increase audiences. Relationships between the television advertisers and distributors drive producers of television programs to create content that will attract an audience. Television advertisers have a product to sell and use television to broadcast commercials to attract and inform viewers about their products. The advertisers must purchase air time from television distributors in order to have access to the audience they desire. Mittell argues that â€Å"most creators of television do not enter the industry to make money, as the creative side of the industry is highly risky and unlikely to produce wealth†(Mittell, 95). Even with this argument, Mittell acknowledges that money is a factor in the creation of television programs, even if the goal is unrealized. Television content creators cannot help but be motivated and influenced by the advertisers and distributorsShow MoreRelatedAmusing Ourselves to Death by Neil Postman1180 Words   |  5 Pages Neil Postman writes, Amusing Ourselves to Death to address a television-based epistemology pollutes public communication and its surrounding landscape, not that it pollutes everything. The book was produced in 1984 in a time where television was an emerging epidemic and other forms of communication that today have taken flight, didn’t exist. 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My Utopia Essay - 823 Words

At my Utopia I feel at peace, at my Utopia I truly feel happiness. My home isn’t this god forsaken bipolar desert where the weather cant decide whether to be 120F one day or 70F the next, where rain occurs so rarely the rich lack money to acquire it. From the tallest mountain in this valley, my home is nowhere to be found, only a plane can reach my utopia but even they need a rest to reach the location, for there my home is, my utopia, but to return there, I would be at risk for there is a monster, able to destroy my family, able to destroy everything I love. My utopia remains my true home, my heaven. Near an ancient forest a village was established. The surrounding trees are giants towering over most building and so you can carve a†¦show more content†¦These bells create a sound so beautiful, every hour the 4 bells go off, all throughout the village you can hear the beautiful synchronization of tunes which would give any man a moment of ecstasy. 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Online Harassment An Issue Of Freedom Of Speech - 991 Words

Online harassment is turning into a larger and larger global issue. It is no longer that of children being too harsh to their peers, or celebrities being attacking for some tid-bit they said off handedly. Though both of these still occur, the scale has broadened to a point where it is felt laws must be enacted to combat this. Like the world around us, the online assault of these people is personal, using images and degrading comments based from gender and race, arbitrary and unchangeable characteristics of people. Some may say online assault is an issue of freedom of speech and how it is abused, others may say it is a criminal issue and should be treated as such with laws and regulation, another may say it is an issue of inequality that we all must combat. But beyond oppression of minorities, in what ways is online harassment gendered? A starting attempt to dissect this is to decipher whether these attacks and percecutions online are a free speech or criminal issue. It’s a criminal act to legitimately threaten someone, this is not disputed, what is disputed is how to determine the difference, as Tom Slater phrases it, â€Å"between a joke, criticism, the posturing of a keyboard wielding shut-in and genuine threats,† (Slater). Slater believes online harassment is a free speech issue, one that cannot be dealt with by with by governing forces, or higher courts. He believes it’s not an issue that can easily be done away with, and is not something that law can interfere with for fearShow MoreRelatedCyber Bullying : Bullying And Bullying1435 Words   |  6 PagesLet’s start off with drawing a fine line where harassment starts. Harassment is defined as, aggressive pressure or intimidation. Harassment starts usually when your contentment towards someone ends. While sitting behind a computer scr een, it is easy to express this and seem powerful or intimidating.. Do you not know what you are doing to others though? 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Nevertheless, there are limits to this right. The question of when the freedom of speech applies remains controversial. The Background Essay: Should Schools Be Allowed to Limit Students’ Online Speech? addresses the case GitlowRead MoreSummary Of â€Å"How Trolls Are Ruining The Internet†. In The1043 Words   |  5 Pageson information being available for everyone. Now, it’s a cold, unwelcoming place to those who seek out personal help. People often harass others whenever they seek out assistance that isn t fact-based. These people have a name. Those who use the freedom of the Internet’s anonymity to cause injury to others are called â€Å"trolls.† These trolls claim that they harm others for the â€Å"lulz,† which means for laughs. What they do to achieve this ranges from simple pranks to threats of violence, which have beenRead MoreSocial Media and Internet Regulation Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pages Trolling is the new title that has been given to harassment that takes place on the Internet. 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One reason people have the right to harass others is because of the First Amendment’s guarantee of freedom of speechRead MoreSocial Media Should Be Regulated Essay1450 Words   |  6 PagesSOCIAL MEDIA SHOULD BE REGULATED ABSTRACT As social media becomes a heavy influence in our online presence, certain elements need to be policed, as laws can still be broken. This is an insight into if social media, more specifically social networking sites, can be regulated to avoid recent spates of ‘trolling’ or whether it only serves to strip people of freedom to speech. INTRODUCTION Social media has now become a part of our modern day society and has a huge impact on our lives on

Night Creature Crescent Moon Chapter 10 Free Essays

â€Å"Cassandra, this is ridiculous.† â€Å"Try the powder; then tell me it doesn’t work.† â€Å"Fine. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Crescent Moon Chapter 10 or any similar topic only for you Order Now † I stuffed the bag into another pocket. â€Å"Thanks.† â€Å"That’s what I’m here for.† â€Å"I’ll – uh – be staying at the Ruelle place from now on.† She lifted her brows. â€Å"How did you manage that?† â€Å"My boss.† I shrugged. â€Å"You know where I can get some camping equipment?† There were a few things I didn’t have – like mosquito netting. It had been a while since I’d gone anywhere this tropical. Cassandra gave me an address. I wrote out my cell phone number. â€Å"In case you need me.† Although what she’d need me for, I had no idea. Still she smiled as if I’d just given her a gift beyond rubies and walked me to the door. â€Å"You aren’t going to be there alone?† she asked. â€Å"Probably not,† I muttered, and headed for the hotel. I checked out, got directions to the address Cassandra had given me, charged what I needed, and drove to the mansion. On the porch sat my camping equipment I don’t know how Frank had gotten the stuff here that fast, and I didn’t care. He was the greatest. As soon as I’d unloaded, a sudden compulsion to do something proactive made me head into the swamp. If I was going to take a look around, I wanted to do it in the daytime. I found the location of last night’s â€Å"incident† without too much trouble. Yellow crime scene tape stands out pretty well amid the swaying grass and cypress trees. I resisted the urge to tear it down. Behavior like that could earn me a few days in a cell. I spent far too long in the swamp. The place was both wild and tranquil, steamy with heat, yet filled with cool water. I saw birds I’d never seen before, plants, trees, flowers, fish. I was captivated, entranced, mesmerized, which was the only reason I didn’t notice the sun falling down. I discovered a field of fire irises and used the pocketknife I’d just purchased to saw through a few stalks. As I gathered them into my arms, something caught my eye. Thinking I’d see the tip of a tail once again disappearing into the swamp, I gaped at the shape of a man in the shad-ows of a cypress tree. I knew that silhouette – the broad shoulders, the slim waist, the tousled hair. â€Å"Adam?† I blinked and he was gone. Which was impossible. Nobody could move that fast I tightened my fingers on the knife, then hurried to the tree and walked around the huge trunk. There was nothing, no one, yet still I felt†¦ something, and it wasn’t friendly. I stared upward, cringing at the idea of a man dropping from the tree and landing on me. Ail I saw was branches and moss; nevertheless, I cursed. Dusk hovered on the horizon. With one last wary glance at the swamp, I folded the knife and put it in my pocket, then clasped the irises close to my chest and headed for home at a near run. Along with the thunder of my own frantic feet – now encased in unfashionable but practical hiking boots – I could have sworn I heard footsteps behind me. I was officially paranoid. As I burst out of the foliage and into the yard, the house seemed to stare back at me with a smirk. Not only was I paranoid but a little crazy also. I ran inside and slammed the door, locking it behind me. No wonder the house seemed to be laughing. What good would a locked door do me when all the windows were broken? Why on earth was I out here without a gun? From what I’d gathered on the Internet, it wasn’t hard to buy one. No waiting period, no registration, no background check. God, I loved the South. First chance I had, ; I was using some of Frank’s money on a pistol. A thud from the second floor had my heart racing as fast as my feet had. I should have stayed in the city, but then I’d never find out anything. With a sense of deja vu, I turned toward the steps. Adam Ruelle stood at the bottom, holding the lantern I’d bought, wearing the usual frayed khakis. This time a white tank top covered his chest, the lack of sleeves only emphasizing the ropy muscles of his arms. Confused, I glanced out the window, toward the swamp, where I could have sworn I’d seen him not more than fifteen minutes ago. â€Å"What are you doing here?† â€Å"I could ask you de same thing.† He set the lantern next to my backpack, sleeping bag, and portable stove. â€Å"This is my house.† â€Å"Not while I’m renting the place.† He frowned. â€Å"You rented it?† â€Å"My employer did. I need to be close to the area where the – â€Å"I broke off. He didn’t seem to notice, staring at the flowers I clutched to my chest. â€Å"You shouldn’t have brought those.† I lowered my arms, stared at the crushed blooms. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"They attract – † He yanked them out of my hands. â€Å"Animals.† Before I could say anything, do anything, he opened the front door, walked to the dock, and tossed the fire irises as far away as he could before striding back inside. â€Å"You’re kidding,† I murmured. â€Å"I don’t kid.† I wasn’t surprised. The man hadn’t cracked a smile since I’d met him. â€Å"Someone left one on my bed at the hotel.† Had that someone been him? If so, why leave the flower then and take them away from me now? I was so confused. Adam appeared deep in thought, more worried about the fire iris on my bed than I had been. Which couldn’t be good. â€Å"I was told those flowers were bad luck,† I said. â€Å"I figured someone didn’t much care for me.† His eyes flicked to mine, the bright blue a beacon in the hazy light from the lantern. â€Å"Who you think it was?† â€Å"No idea I’d just gotten into town at the time. How could I have pissed off anyone that fast?† â€Å"It’s a gift,† he muttered. â€Å"Thanks.† I plucked a stray red petal off my shirt and rubbed it between my thumb and forefinger. A spicy aroma arose, like cinnamon atop a bonfire. I could understand why an animal might be attracted to them. I was. â€Å"At least I’m not nuts,† I murmured. â€Å"No?† I narrowed my gaze. â€Å"I could have sworn someone was following me just now. But maybe it was†¦ something.† He scowled. â€Å"What did you see?† â€Å"Well, I thought I saw you, but that must have been a trick of the light You were here. Right?† â€Å"Right,† he agreed, though he didn’t sound convinced. Which was as bizarre as my seeing him in the first place. Didn’t he know where he’d been? â€Å"The police think you’re dead.† â€Å"They aren’t the only ones.† â€Å"You like being a ghost?† A long moment passed, the silence broken only by a faint splash from the swamp. He went to the window and ‘ his whisper came out of the darkness. â€Å"I don’t mind.† He seemed so sad, so alone. I’d been there, hell, I still was, and while sometimes I liked it, more and more lately I didn’t. I couldn’t help myself. I inched in close and touched his arm. â€Å"You seem real enough to me.† He stiffened and I yanked my hand away, but he caught it in a swift, catlike movement as he turned. I didn’t have time to think, let alone escape, even if I’d wanted to. He wrapped his long, strong arm around my back and kissed me. I was so shocked, I let him. Or maybe I let him because the man kissed as if he did little else but. Tongue, lips, teeth, he devoured. Nothing gentle in this kiss, all wet heat and lust. He twined his fingers in my hair; I dug mine into his shoulders and held on. He tasted of mint, as if he’d just brushed his teeth. I ran my tongue along the straight, white expanse and he moaned, then nipped my lip. A shudder ran through me. His kiss was as rough as his hands, and I relished it I didn’t know why. Simon had been gentle in all things, especially lovemaking. Maybe that was why. He wasn’t Simon, and this wasn’t love. I didn’t want it to be. I’d had my shot. One man, one woman, forever. I believed that. A woman like me didn’t get two soul mates. Did anyone? Since Simon was dead, I was doomed to be alone. But that didn’t mean I couldn’t have this. I ran my palms over his arms, let my thumbs trace his collarbone, tangled my fingers in his hair. His skin was so soft over muscles so hard. I wanted to trace every inch of him. I was overcome with a sudden urge to drop to my knees and score the ripples of his abdomen with my teeth. I’d never seen a man put together so well, not that I’d seen all that many. His erection brushed my stomach; my gasp was captured by his mouth as his hand dipped inside my shirt, slid under my bra, his palm cupping my breast, testing the weight, thumb teasing one nipple even as his lower body skimmed softly against mine. He kept kissing me; I couldn’t think. I wanted nothing more than to feel his heat, his strength, his life. How could I ever have thought him a ghost? Suddenly he tore away; I nearly fell. He stared at me wide-eyed, his mouth wet and swollen, as he shoved a hand through his tangled hair. I’d tangled it. I wanted to do so again. â€Å"I shouldn’t have†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He made a vague gesture in my direction. I swallowed. I could still taste him. â€Å"Why did you?† He snorted. â€Å"Have you looked in de mirror lately?† â€Å"I don’t – I mean, I’m not – â€Å" â€Å"You are.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"Sexy.† I laughed. â€Å"You must be more deprived than I am.† The corner of his mouth lifted. â€Å"I’m sure that’s true.† No one had ever called me sexy. Simon had loved me, but he’d been more interested in my mind than my body. We’d been colleagues, friends, then lovers. The sex had been good. This had been – Catastrophic? Mind-bending? Life altering? Or just – Wrong. I didn’t know this man. Not really. Everything I’d heard about him should make me wary. Most, if not all, of the bodies had been found on his property; why wasn’t he a suspect? Then again, the police were blaming animals. Unless Adam Ruelle planned to shape-shift beneath the crescent moon, he was innocent. At least of the Honey Island Swamp killings. â€Å"Diana?† I started as Adam brushed my hair from my face. His fingertips grazed my cheek, and I resisted the urge to rub my skin against his and purr. What was the matter with me? â€Å"You should take your things and go back to wherever it is you came from.† That was the second time he’d told me as much. I stared into his bright blue eyes. â€Å"It didn’t feel like you wanted me to go.† â€Å"What I want and what’s best for de both of us are two different things.† â€Å"I don’t understand.† I waited for him to explain. When he didn’t, I let out an exasperated sigh and turned away. He grabbed my hand and yanked me back, catching me when I stumbled, aligning our bodies just right all over again. His jaw tightened. â€Å"What I want is to lie you down on , de ground, right here, or maybe shove you against de wall, right there, and take you until you can’t argue with me anymore† As if he couldn’t help himself, he leaned forward, brushed his lips to the swell of my breast exposed by our acrobatics. â€Å"I want to mark you with my teeth.† He scraped the sensitive skin just under my collarbone. â€Å"Bury myself in you.† He pulled me more tightly against him. I should have been insulted; instead I was interested. â€Å"Over and over and over again. Me, you. You, me.† He punctuated each hoarse whisper with a thrust of his hips. â€Å"I’ll be inside you day and night until you don’t know where you begin and I end.† Leaning over, he nuzzled my cheek, put his mouth to the curve of my neck, and suckled my skin hard enough to leave the mark he’d spoken of. Then he lifted his head and his whisper brushed the moist imprint, making me shiver. â€Å"Are you afraid enough to run now?† Afraid? No. Amused out of my mind? You betcha. He stilled against me – hard, hot, his pulse beating out of time with mine. The intimacy of our position, his words, my feelings for a stranger, should have made me bolt. Instead I lifted my gaze and let him see that I wanted the same thing, too. He cursed and swung away to stare out the window once more. I wasn’t sure what to say. Had the entire interlude been an attempt to make me flee? If so, he was the best actor on the planet I could swear I’d tasted desire, and how could he fake a hard-on? Dumb question. He was a guy. They could get a hard on in a stiff breeze. Or so I’d heard. A man like Adam Ruelle was not only out of my league but also out of my realm of experience, seeing as I’d only known one man intimately in my life. â€Å"You intend to stay?† Adam murmured. â€Å"Damn straight† He couldn’t get rid of me that easily. He took a deep breath, let it out slowly, and faced me. â€Å"You’ll need another guide.† â€Å"I don’t need anything.† Except you, my treacherous body whispered. I ignored it; I’d gotten very good at that over the past few years. Til do it.† For an instant I thought he meant do it, and why wouldn’t I? We had, after all, practically done it standing up. Then I understood he was talking about guiding me into the swamp. â€Å"No.† â€Å"You want to see my land, you go with me. Always. Never alone. You understand, cher?† I understood. There were things out there I didn’t want to meet alone. But did I want to meet them with Adam Ruelle? I wasn’t sure. Still, what choice did I have? As he’d pointed out, this was his land. My boss might have rented the house, but I didn’t recall anything about the swamp. â€Å"Don’t call me cher,† I said between my teeth. His mouth lifted into a ghost of a smile. â€Å"I guess that means yes.† How to cite Night Creature: Crescent Moon Chapter 10, Essay examples

There Is A Lot To Say About The Battle Of Gettysburg. Many People Wond Essay Example For Students

There Is A Lot To Say About The Battle Of Gettysburg. Many People Wond Essay er why this battle out of all others during the war was so great. Many questions were asked. Such as, what did they do for supplies? How did they live? What was the typical military strategy? I will also answer many other questions to in this essay. Its really hard to believe the things I saw during the movie. It just makes wonder how stupid the government was to even think about starting a Civil War. Millions and millions of men died in this war. For what? Honor? I certainly think they did not die honorably, but just went out there and got slaughtered. Although many people say that the Union and Confederate armies fought because of the importance of Gettysburg; the thing is that it was just a small town back then. Gettysburg was chosen because it was good ground. The Confederate army was passing through to go further north and invade the Union territory. The Union army was having the same idea about the south. Good ground was high terrain surrounded by trees. The role geography played in the war was that the army who was placed on the good ground would have a better position on the opposing forces. The officers and soldiers had different lifestyles during the war. The generals would be in cabins or log houses with plenty of supplies. The rest of the army had lived in tents with supplies, but not as much as the generals. So basically the higher your rank, the better you r living conditions were. Although living conditions were different, the strategy was similar. Many times the Union army had to play defensively. The development of trench warfare began. If supplies or ammo got too low, sometimes they would charge and attack the Southerners, like Colonel Chamberlain did when he was defending the line. The Confederate army under the command of General Lee would march all the way to the gate and try to capture it. When in combat, both sides had the same kind of artillery. Soldiers used muskets and small handguns and generals on the other hand would ride on horseback with a sword and pistol. Another type of weaponry that was used were cannons. Even though cannons were much more powerful, muskets were easier due to the fact that they were portable and fired rounds quicker. Treatment during the Civil War was very limited. If your ligaments such as an arm or a leg were shot or wounded it would have to amputate it off. That was the only thing that they could do because like I said medical treatment was very limited. If you had gotten shot anywhere else, there was nothing could be done and it would be only a matter of time before you died. What were the South and North fighting for? Many people asked that question. The North was fighting because they were trying to maintain the Union. The South was fighting for state rights. If you look at it they were both fighting for freedom. So both of their motives for fighting the same reason. Gettysburg may have been a small town, but it played a large part in the Civil War. I think what made Gettysburg one the biggest battles of the Civil War was the fact that so many people lost their lives and that was the deciding battle where the North won the war. In my personal I think that the whole Civil War was stupid and there was no reason it should have taken place. It was nothing but a massacre of millions of men. Gettysburg was perfect example of this. Like I said before these men died for honor, but getting massacred doesnt seem honorable to me, just like Gettysburg and the Civil War.